The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the dying seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.